Prostate Cancer
Biopsy for prostate cancer
In this summary men we interviewed describe their experiences of biopsies. If the initial tests (rectal examination, PSA or ultrasound) show the possibility of cancer, men are usually asked to have a biopsy, in which a sample of cells is taken from the prostate to be looked at under the microscope. The biopsy is usually done through the back passage (rectum), but occasionally it can be taken through the skin behind your testicles (the perineum) or while you are having a cystoscopy examination (via the urethra).
Men we interviewed who had biopsies had very different experiences. Most reported that the biopsy was uncomfortable, but not painful. One man said that it was no more uncomfortable than having a blood sample taken, and others thought the description of a biopsy as 'being flicked with an elastic band', was a good description. One man found the procedure more embarrassing than painful and another man said that his privacy and dignity were not always respected.
Explains the process and reason for biopsies.
Explains the process and reason for biopsies.
The sad fact is if they don't find anything in there that's a very limited shot of 6 little stabs with a needle. And they're not massively painful, that are going to make you shoot out of the bed or scream in anguish, you're normally lying on your side and you sort of 'ooh,' it's about, I don't know 1/10th of the pain you'd get from having an injection for a tooth, if you put it on a relative scale, so it's nothing to be terrified of. And they will then take them away and examine those cores. Some places they will mark the cores on a clock face, 'Core 1 was at 12 o clock', others they just take the cores. In my case they didn't note where they'd come from but they did note that 3 of them had 20% cancer and that's what comes back. If they come back and say none of them had cancer it's a shocking thing to think you probably may still have it but they just didn't hit the 3 places where it was because the whole gland is not normally cancerous, it's areas of it.
Compares the biopsy to the unpleasantness of being flicked with an elastic band.
Compares the biopsy to the unpleasantness of being flicked with an elastic band.
Explains that it is more embarrassing and unpleasant than painful.
Explains that it is more embarrassing and unpleasant than painful.
He felt that there was a lack of concern for privacy and dignity during investigations such as the prostate biopsy.
He felt that there was a lack of concern for privacy and dignity during investigations such as the prostate biopsy.
Privacy and dignity I think remains a challenge for the National Health Service. And much as with health information for patients I did encounter some truly fantastic practice from some truly admirable practitioners but I also had some exposure to the other end of the spectrum, people for whom privacy and dignity of a patient is clearly not a particularly dominant concern. There were occasions when whilst going through some pretty undignified procedures either with the biopsy for example or the cystogram for example, there were occasions when doors were flung open and people would just walk in and out and not introduce themselves and they clearly had nothing to do with what was going on with me. And whilst I can tolerate that up to a point in a dentist's chair if the dental nurse walks in and out it's quite different from when, put bluntly, your ass is sticking up in the air.
I'll illustrate it with just one or two examples. At the pre-operative outpatient stage after the TRUS biopsy (the trans rectal ultrasound biopsy) whilst waiting in a crowded corridor full of other patients and their relatives a clinician whom I'd not encountered at any stage during the procedure itself and who had her coat on ready to leave stuck her head into the crowded corridor to shout in my general direction that I should expect to see blood in my semen for a period of time after this biopsy. Now admittedly that's useful information to have, I don't deny that but the circumstances under which the information was delivered was far from ideal. It caused all heads to turn in my direction for what was for me the unique experience of being in a crowded corridor of a bunch of people who all were probably thinking about my semen [laugh] and I'd rather they weren't. Now that was a highly avoidable example. It would have taken literally just seconds longer for me to be taken to a room somewhere or even just behind a curtain somewhere for this information to be imparted to me with a little greater discretion. So I firmly believe that that has nothing to do with resources. It has to do with personal choice, personal practice. It has to do with training. It has to do with culture. Perhaps it has also has to do with managerial performance management practice because these things go on because we work in a system that allows them to go on. If we stopped allowing them to go on then they wouldn't go on. So that, that is one example.
So it's at that kind of level that I think that privacy and dignity are not always well attended to. Although I hasten to add that I did have plenty of exposure to the other end of the spectrum as well. Some really admirable clinicians and wonderful human beings who did a first class job of plying me with information and also attending to my privacy and dignity. They deserve the credit but I'm just making a particular point about what I hope would be the minority of people at the other end of the spectrum. But it's a minority that can make a fundamental difference to the patient's experience of the process of care.
However, a number of the men we interviewed found the biopsy painful and quite distressing. One man likened the biopsy to 'an air gun in reverse', and another said that the procedure 'brought tears to your eyes'. A man who had a biopsy done in a private hospital in 1994 described the biopsy as 'ghastly'. In 1997 he had another biopsy, this time within the National Health Service, but he found the experience equally painful, and refused to allow more than four cell samples to be taken. The use of Periprostatic nerve block (PNB) with local anaesthesia before a prostate biopsy is now considered standard care, patients should not undergo the procedure without it.
Describes the extremely adverse results he had after the biopsy.
Describes the extremely adverse results he had after the biopsy.
Oh dear, tell me about that a bit more please, the biopsy, is that very painful or just uncomfortable?
It was ghastly, I suppose I have a very small anal area and that I find, I found the sampling procedure somewhat traumatic, it was very painful and very unpleasant.
Yes, I'm sorry. So did the pain last afterwards or just during the procedure?
Well it was during the procedure, I didn't feel anything afterwards. But the strange is that I wasn't given any tablets or anything like that, I wasn't given any medication afterwards and of course I thought I had flu and it got very bad indeed. And I was rushed to the hospital and given, I was in hospital for 4 days with an infection.
So you picked up infection having the biopsy?
That's right there was a cross infection yes.
Oh dear.
And had it lasted another, I was told if it had lasted another 8 hours we wouldn't be having this interview now.
A disaster.
Yes.
I'm so sorry. Right so your experience of the biopsy was awful.
Well it was, it was not a, it wasn't pleasant in so much I don't think the, I didn't think that the, I suppose it was because I'm a person that suffers anxiety and I get tensed up and I suppose not being in a relaxed situation and having that style of I suppose treatment done was not, well I didn't find it appropriate.
Was that a National Health Service?
No that was privately.
I'd then come off the private health and gone back into the NHS and I was then treated to another sampling technique which I found very unpleasant because the guy insisted on taking 4 samples.
Another biopsy?
Yes another biopsy.
Was that equally painful?
Worse this time really and he wanted to take a fifth and I said there was no way that he was taking a fifth. Yeah I thought it was quite unnecessary. But anyway that was, I had the antibiotics then, so no infection back from it. The results of those, this was in 19, early I suppose 1997, late 1997 early 1998.
Others found the procedure painful, but said that the pain was relatively short lived.
Explains that the professionals involved were very helpful and understanding.
Explains that the professionals involved were very helpful and understanding.
Unpleasant because you have, it's... you have a tube, it's a tube that goes up your rectum and they take a bit of the prostate away and it's an unpleasant feeling until the end, and that is painful to the end, but that's again only a minute and they were very good. The doctor or technician I don't know who did this, because they said 'When you feel the pain we'll then stop and then you can get yourself ready for the last bit,' and they actually said to me 'because it will be painful.' But it's you know it's a quick pain and then it's all over, but they were very, again the person who did it was very thoughtful because they understand what it's like.
Bob recalls that he had his biopsy done under general anaesthetic so he did not know anything about it.
Bob recalls that he had his biopsy done under general anaesthetic so he did not know anything about it.
John recalls what it was like to have a trans-perineal biopsy and why he decided to have a robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.
John recalls what it was like to have a trans-perineal biopsy and why he decided to have a robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.
At the new hospital, the biopsy was a trans-perineal, I think it’s called, biopsy, which takes twenty four samples instead of twelve, and it was quite a painful experience, and there was a lot of blood and the outcome of it was that it revealed what the first biopsy hadn’t revealed, which was that the cancer was right in the centre of the prostate and it was fairly advanced, so as a result I was told that brachytherapy would have been the very worst possible treatment for me because it wouldn’t have been possible to have surgery after the brachytherapy, because of the amount of scar tissue created by the brachytherapy, so there was only one option which was a prostatectomy. The hospital I was at now, it was able to offer robotic laparoscopic prostatectomy, so I was, referred for an operation and so it had been quite a long process from seeing the GP at the, where I was originally living in August 2008 to being operated on in April 2009.
For more experiences of biopsy for prostate cancer see the PSA testing website.
Last reviewed July 2017.
Last updated July 2017.
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