Recurrent Vulvovaginal Thrush
Longer-term prescriptions
A longer-term course of antifungal medication is an option used to manage recurrent thrush. This treatment is also called maintenance or suppression therapy. We spoke to people who had both successes and challenges using longer-term medication. This section covers:
- Different medication options and durations
- Experiences using longer-term medications
- Results of completing treatment
Different medication options and durations
People we spoke to were prescribed various medications and durations to treat recurrent thrush. Tablets were given in most cases but sometimes pessaries were used.
Chloe received a longer-term prescription of pessaries after short-term treatment was not working.
Chloe received a longer-term prescription of pessaries after short-term treatment was not working.
So that was... I think that was a phone appointment off the back of something else, and I think I’d kind of said, “Look, you know, it’s getting a bit of a joke now, like it’s just not going away, like I really don’t know what else to do now, like I just can’t continue the way that I am,” so that’s when they were like, “Right, well it seems to be pretty persistent so we’ll... we’ll try a six-month course of weekly pessaries,” which that kind of... I was like, “Yeah, fine, like I’m happy to try anything at this point.”
Recurrent thrush is defined as four or more episodes of thrush in a year and it is recommended to give these patients longer-term treatment, sometimes called “suppression therapy”. This treatment starts with taking three tablets every 72 hours and then once a week for 6 months. Imogen, Marie, Rowan, Anna, Julia, Emma, Hannah, Chloe, Leah, and Lydia completed a six-month course of treatment taking medication weekly. Georgia, Beth Sarah, Harry, and Kayla repeated this six-month course more than once.
Beth Sarah had tried various durations of longer-term treatment for recurrent thrush (read by an actor)
Beth Sarah had tried various durations of longer-term treatment for recurrent thrush (read by an actor)
So, my first experience was relatively straightforward: got thrush, kind of was treating it myself, went to the GP, they prescribed the course of fluconazole, took that for six months and it... it cleared up, I never had to go back or anything; I had it the odd time after that, but nothing... nothing bad. And then the most recent time was last year, it started, so it started kind of flaring up little bits so... which I was managing to treat by myself and then I realised that it had slipped back up to the reoccurring thrush, but this time it’s been a lot more difficult to... to manage, so I... I ended up being on two courses, so it was basically a year of fluconazole.
Julia was happy to get longer-term treatment (read by an actor)
Julia was happy to get longer-term treatment (read by an actor)
I don’t go to the GP. I went to the GP once to say I want this sorted out and that’s when I got the... that’s when I got the kind of... I can’t remember, was it six months’ worth... I think it was, six months’ worth and it was one tablet a week for the first six weeks and then one tablet a month for the rest of the time, so I went there to say, ‘I’m just getting this every month, I want it sorted out,’ and to be fair, she sorted it out for me. Because she said what she thinks happens is that it’s always living inside me, permanently, and it just flares up, so I never really... with one capsule every time I get it, it doesn’t knock it on the head, it just reduces it to a level where it doesn’t cause problems, so she was really helpful in explaining all of that and was really kind of impressed that she went all the way and spoke to a specialist, and I was really happy to have got the treatment.
Many people were given single dose or short-term medication repeatedly before getting a longer-term prescription. It could take a long time for people to be offered a longer-term course and this differed between doctors. Sometimes people did not learn about these options until they changed doctors. Rowan said they had received mixed messaging from doctors about whether thrush required short-term or longer-term treatment. Georgia said “it does make me angry that it took so long for somebody to offer me a longer course”.
Ayesha was repeatedly prescribed single doses of fluconazole.
Ayesha was repeatedly prescribed single doses of fluconazole.
So, I thought they would... have seen this time, have seen this a million times before cause of how common it is, I thought they would know exactly what was going on. I thought that after prescribing me fluconazole for like the fourth, fifth time, somebody would have realised, ‘OK, this is not working, and there needs to be more testing done here to figure out what’s going on,’ or to at least understand the wider picture as to why I’m so susceptible or vulnerable to them, but there was no kind of support.
Billie was “constantly” given short-term treatments by healthcare professionals.
Billie was “constantly” given short-term treatments by healthcare professionals.
So, I’ve been back to lots of different doctors. So, it’s been like my... when I was sort of... up until my early 20s it was the same GP and they were the ones that were constantly just giving me pessaries all the time and creams and all these different kinds of pills, and it would be the same thing. You know, I would go, they’d put mean me on a course for a week, I’d come back and they’d be like, “Oh OK, well, we’ll put you on for two weeks,” and that was it, that’s all they gave me, and I was going back probably once every three, six... three to six months, and nothing changed.
Julia, Harry, and Georgia felt hopeful when they were given longer-term medication as they believed it was needed to “shift” the recurrent thrush. Others like Imogen had doubts before starting treatment about whether it would work “I really, really didn’t believe it was going to work because I was just like, ‘how could they be suggesting something so late on in my life that’s going to work, like surely they would have tried a thing already if it was going to work.” Imogen was surprised when this treatment did help.
Some people decided how often to take treatment themselves. Sometimes people used their weekly tablets monthly after reading online that they could be spaced out. Others tried this such as Harry and did not find it effective. However, others like Georgia consulted their healthcare professional and were told it was fine to time the medication once a month when she needed it.
Georgia takes medication monthly after completing two six-month courses (read by an actor)
Georgia takes medication monthly after completing two six-month courses (read by an actor)
So then I went back again after the doctor, after I’d done two six-month courses, and that was about a year and a half ago and at that point I agreed with my doctor to basically take fluconazole once a month, and I said, “How long should I do this for?” and they said, “However... like, as long as you want to, you know, if you feel like you don’t want to be taking a tablet once a month, then... then stop, but basically there’s no harm in it.” So that’s what I’ve been doing, and pretty much it’s... I haven’t had... yeah, I would say I’ve probably had three times in the last year where I’ve thought outside... so I normally take the tablet just after my period finishes, once a month, and there have probably been three times in the last year where I felt like I might be getting thrush outside of that monthly cycle, so I’d like, oh, I’ll take a tablet now instead and then that sort of keeps it at bay. So generally, I feel like it’s under control, but I’m taking fluconazole once a... once a month, and if I don’t then it normally just comes back, and that’s where we... and that’s where I am now.
Not everyone was offered longer-term antifungal medication or knew that they were an option. Some people had heard about longer term options but had not yet been offered them and were curious about starting this option. Elliott said “I read online you can take like a tablet once a week, and I was you know thinking about doing that”.
In order to get a longer-term prescription, some people had to prove they had recurrent thrush by taking multiple swabs. You can read more about that process here (Routes to identifying recurrent thrush).
Experiences using longer-term medications
The people we spoke to had different experiences using longer-term medication. Many people we spoke to were happy to try a longer-term solution and had no issue taking the medication such as Georgia and Rowan.
Imogen said that taking longer-term medication was a “little thing” to do.
Imogen said that taking longer-term medication was a “little thing” to do.
Yeah, I... it felt like such a little thing to do in comparison to all I’d been through with this. You know, I think sometimes I didn’t remember to take it on exactly the same day, but I was pretty good at taking it overall, yeah, that was fine.
Other people found it difficult to stick with longer-term medications.
Hannah found it difficult to remember taking medication weekly and had “given up” (read by an actor)
Hannah found it difficult to remember taking medication weekly and had “given up” (read by an actor)
I’m a bit ditsy, I shouldn’t... not ditsy, but forgetful... I’m a bit forgetful, and because it’s a daily medication, so I’ve put a reminder in my phone, I did put a reminder in my phone, but after seeing... I’m just a bit... like I said, I’m a bit disillusioned now, so I’ve sort of given up on taking a long course; maybe I should try again now that partner has... because that was frustrating as well, but... yeah.
With the... with the six-month one, and then I just thought, ‘well, it’s coming back,’ you know, I thought it should be able to go away after three months, and that was very frustrating. I mean I have thought about just asking again and doing a six-month course again, but you just sort of give up a bit; it sounds a bit silly, but I need to... I do need to try again.
People that were prescribed pessaries instead of tablets faced additional challenges. Lydia found pessaries were painful and this caused her to miss two weeks of the six months as she had had “enough of using them”.
Chloe found it difficult to use pessaries longer-term.
Chloe found it difficult to use pessaries longer-term.
So, I got them and it... I mean using a pessary every week is a bit of a pain in the arse to be honest, obviously because it’s... you put it in, and then it all comes out, and it takes a couple of days to come out, so by the time it’s probably all cleared out your system... out of being... and being inside you, like you’re putting something else back up there, and it was remembering to do it every week, and then I was still getting breakthrough symptoms anyway, and it just... it... it was a lot of plastic, and a lot of cardboard, and a lot of everything, and it seemed to kind of give me cramps, and I don’t know whether that’s just because it was hitting me... like obviously in having something sitting near my uterus for that long, like I don’t... I don’t know, but I did notice that I... I was getting like a lot more cramps when I was doing it as well.
Not everyone wanted to take longer-term medication such as Emily.
Emily was “anti drug-taking” and hesitant to take longer-term medication.
Emily was “anti drug-taking” and hesitant to take longer-term medication.
I took the regular, from Boots, Canesten treatment, yeah, because I couldn’t get anything on prescription, I didn’t want to have... because they can give you a drug to take every month and I was like, ‘I don’t really want to do that,’ because I’m very anti drug-taking, I’m studying nutrition so I knew what those drugs are and I don’t really want to take them.
Some people worried about the effect of taking longer-term antifungal medication on kidney function like Hannah and Beth Sarah. Sometimes people had a blood test to check their kidney function before or during the time they took the medication, but this was not always the case.
Healthcare professionals did not always mention any side effects about longer-term medication. Some were unsure about side effects of longer-term use or using medication past six months. Others were confident that the medication was safe to use for longer durations.
Oral fluconazole must not be used during pregnancy or if there is a risk of pregnancy. Georgia was concerned about what would happen when she wanted to have kids as she could not continue taking antifungal tablets while pregnant.
Beth Sarah received mixed messages from healthcare professionals about using antifungal medication longer-term (read by an actor)
Beth Sarah received mixed messages from healthcare professionals about using antifungal medication longer-term (read by an actor)
Then when I started going to my actual GP practice, the... there was conversations, but there was a GP who kind of gave their personal experience because they’d had the same thing, which was helpful in some ways, but not in another way, and it was a lot of mixed messages of what it could be, how it should be treated. Like one GP said, “Oh no, you’re fine to be on this medication,” and another GP was slightly more concerned about it, and then when I actually went and eventually saw gynaecology, they were just like, “Get off that medication, you shouldn’t have been prescribed it for this long.”
So, the... the first GP that I spoke to that said, “Don’t worry, I’m not... I’m not too worried about you being on it,” said, you know, “you’re young, you’re healthy, you’ve... you’ve got no like counter-interactions,” but the gynaecologist just said it... you know, “It metabolises in the liver, you shouldn’t be taking it for more than six months,” and that’s why he said, “can get off it.”
Some people did not think about side effects, they just wanted to feel better.
Results of completing treatment
Longer-term antifungal medication worked better for some people than others. For some people, like Rowan, a longer-term course fully resolved the issue, while others continued to experience recurrence.
Harry found long-term antifungal medication effective but remained unsure about whether it had “broken the cycle”.
Harry found long-term antifungal medication effective but remained unsure about whether it had “broken the cycle”.
They were effective: I haven’t had thrush for five months now, so they have worked. I just don’t know how long they’ll hold it off because they’ve worked because I’ve consistently taken them, I don’t know whether that’s broken the cycle, which I’m hoping it has, because I’m hoping what happened is I just never quite cleared the cycle whenever I took them. But it came out of nowhere when it first started, I wouldn’t be surprised if it comes back, is my concern with it.
While not everyone was cured by long-term antifungal treatment, some people said it helped reduce symptoms. Chloe said “It didn’t completely get rid of it, but it did reduce how much I was getting, and the severity of it”. Beth Sarah said longer-term medication reduced flare ups.
Other people we spoke to said that their symptoms resolved while taking the course, but quickly returned once they completed the medication. Emma said that long-term fluconazole “didn’t solve the problem for me on a long-term basis; it did while I was taking it”. Harry did two courses of 6 months, after having to go on antibiotics after completing the first course which she said put her “straight back at the beginning”.
Leah worried that thrush would return after completing longer-term medication (read by an actor)
Leah worried that thrush would return after completing longer-term medication (read by an actor)
But I know it sounds really quite... I don’t know, it sounds negative, but I just know it’s going to come back, as soon as I stop taking them pessaries, that thrush’ll be back. I just know that it’ll come back after those six months, do you know what I mean? I know it sounds...I’m probably sounding a bit... I don’t know, a bit like... do you know what I mean, a bit like I’m not giving it a chance, but I’ve done it before and it never worked, it just came back again, so I just... I’ve got no... much hope for it, but I feel like for six months I can sort of feel better for six months, do you know what I mean?
Julia, Harry, and Leah felt that six-month treatment courses were often the last resort and there was little guidance on what to do if they did not work, or if thrush returned after stopping the course. A couple of people talked about healthcare professionals saying there were no other options. Chloe was told by a gynaecologist that it “is what it is”.
Georgia was unsure about next steps but felt well-supported (read by an actor)
Georgia was unsure about next steps but felt well-supported (read by an actor)
Yeah, and I... I felt like the last time I went and asked about, you know, whether there were any reasons why I shouldn’t keep taking fluconazole in the long term and what my options were, and the fact that like it was a bit frustrating initially that after the six-month course didn’t work, nobody really knew what to suggest for me, but then the fact that my doctor said, “Well, I’ll go and like find this out for you and then come back to you,” in some ways that was quite nice because I felt like they were actually trying to help me rather than just sort of turning me away with no solutions. So yeah, I definitely felt like well-supported and I’m not really sure if there’s anything I would have... that would have made it better other than like I guess like more... more understanding like of thrush in general that might help with... with better treatment, but in terms of the sort of... my experience has generally been positive, yeah.
Looking forward, some people like Imogen said they would take another six-month course “in a heartbeat” while Julia said they “might go back one day” and ask for a six-month course again.
Other people who did not find relief wondered whether they would have to live with thrush forever. Some people were okay taking medication for the rest of their lives if needed, but others questioned whether that was going to have to be their reality. You can read more about how people lived with recurrent thrush overtime here (Living with recurrent thrush and looking forward).
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