Breast Screening

Normal results

After a routine mammogram in the NHS Breast Screening Programme, the radiographer (the female specialist who takes the breast x-rays) will tell women how, and approximately when, they will get the results. She also reminds them to be 'breast aware' between screening appointments. If it is the woman's last routine screening before age 70, the radiographer also reminds her that she can ask for another screening appointment in three years' time. She will also give the woman a card to help her remember this.
 
The mammogram is examined and the results sent to the woman and her GP, usually within two weeks. “In about 96 out of every 100 women screened the mammogram will show no sign of cancer -- this is a normal result” (NHS Breast Cancer Screening Programme – 'Helping you decide' leaflet July 2013). Most women we spoke with discussed waiting for and receiving their mammogram results by post. Some received them within two weeks, others sometimes received their results three, four, or even five weeks later.
 
Some women didn't worry about the results until they arrived, when they were a bit nervous opening the letter. Two British Chinese women had their daughters translate the results letter for them and their results had always been normal. A British Indian woman said that her daughter would translate her results letter for her, if she was unsure. One woman said that she didn't usually worry whilst waiting for her results letter but after her last mammogram she did. This was because she was on HRT and had just heard about a report on HRT and breast cancer.

She does not worry about her mammogram results until they arrive.

She does not worry about her mammogram results until they arrive.

Age at interview: 56
Sex: Female
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Before getting the results if it's two to three weeks, do you worry in that two to three weeks?

No, no I don't, I give it a thought and then I forget about it and then all of a sudden the letter comes and I think oh oh. Just before I open it I think oh, but I've been lucky.

Her daughter translates her results letter for her and her results have always been normal (translated from Cantonese).

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Her daughter translates her results letter for her and her results have always been normal (translated from Cantonese).

Age at interview: 63
Sex: Female
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When you've been for a breast x-ray how long has it been before you get the results?

After the x-ray, it's about two weeks. They always send me a letter.

And is the letter easy to understand?

My daughter translates for me, and I've never had any problems with it. It's clear and there's nothing to worry about. I only really want to know the result, that there is no problem, its no problem. The results are always fine.

If Meena has any problems, her daughter helps her fill in forms and translates letters for her.

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If Meena has any problems, her daughter helps her fill in forms and translates letters for her.

Age at interview: 60
Sex: Female
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Every time you have had the appointment you have always gone?

Oh yes.

You have never missed?

No.

Never missed it?

No.

Never missed it. And this time when it was late, you phoned them? 

That is right yes.

No problem. And if you read the letter and you are not sure, you ask your daughter?

Yes. If I don't understand anything, you know, then I ask my daughter and she explains to me, fills out the form for me if I can't do it. So they help me, you know.

And sometimes they do have leaflets in Gujarati?

Yes.

Have you read those?

Yes, but I haven't got any in Gujarati this time. It is easy to understand Gujarati. 

If this letter came in Gujarati, would it be easier for you?

Not really. It doesn't make any difference to me because if I don't understand I ask my daughter you know. So there is no big difference.

No difference. How it comes now is okay?

Yes.

She worried about her results because she'd heard about a link between breast cancer and taking HRT.

She worried about her results because she'd heard about a link between breast cancer and taking HRT.

Age at interview: 64
Sex: Female
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How long did it take before you get the results? 

I think between fourteen and twenty-one days.

So while you're waiting for the results do you ever think about the letter or the results or not at all? 

I did this time with my doctor saying, and this thing that came out about HRT and breast cancer you know, and if you're on the dual one you're more likely to get it. And I did think this time am I going to be lucky still and it was lovely to get the letter, I thought oh yippee you know, saying I was clear you know.

What did that letter actually say?

Oh I've thrown it away.

That's okay. Is it clear or do you ever think I'm not sure what this means?

Oh yes it's clear, it says I'm not required you know, and we'll see you kind of in three years time, so you know that everything was alright.

Some women waiting for the results letter were a bit anxious. A few said they would expect the screening unit to contact them straightaway if there were any problems. They therefore felt anxious during the first week after a mammogram but less anxious as time went on. Several women said that they didn't feel anxious waiting for their results but often remembered that they were expecting a letter. One woman waited five weeks to receive her results by post and became more anxious as time went on. The letter said that mistakes were occasionally made, so she also wondered whether she could believe the results.

After having a routine mammogram, Shirin worries about the result and feels anxious when opening...

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After having a routine mammogram, Shirin worries about the result and feels anxious when opening...

Age at interview: 62
Sex: Female
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In terms of getting the results from the clinic, have you had to wait long, or have you always got them, is it every two to three weeks that you get them after the mammogram?

I don't think there has been any trouble. No it comes may be three weeks, two and a half, three weeks, no, no trouble.

Have you ever been called back at all?

No. Not called back, because I dread opening the envelop, my gosh.

Every time?

Oh. You know, the moment I know it is the result envelope. I can tell, you know, the NHS envelope, it is, yes, it is a very difficult moment.

Do you think about it in between times?

Oh definitely, definitely. Definitely I do.

So if the letter took longer '?

I would still think, but then I would phone, if it goes likes beyond three and a half, four weeks then definitely I would phone in, in case the letter has gone astray. And it does happen. Letters do go astray. Sometimes some neighbours might come and pop in the letterbox. But some, they just tear it up. So no, I take that responsibility. Can't give every responsibility to the NHS. It is not fair, you know, a woman has to do that, you know.

So before opening the letter you are anxious?

Definitely. Until the letter comes I am anxious, yes.

And then do you keep all your letters at all or '?

Yes. I do. But recently I have cleared out the file, you know, sort of, I thought if it is l980s or early nineties. But I can't remember about the mammogram or cervical. I think I have got a record of that if I am not mistaken. Because the result has been good, I don't keep everything, only the recent ones I keep. 
 

She doesn't worry while waiting for her results and would expect a letter or phone call if there was something wrong.

She doesn't worry while waiting for her results and would expect a letter or phone call if there was something wrong.

Age at interview: 69
Sex: Female
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So how long does it usually take before you get the results?

Only about three weeks I think, it wasn't long before I got that. And each time when it comes I think oh crikey, that's quick. Which you do because sometimes you know they'll say "Oh we'll let you know, it could be a while but we'll let you know." But I suppose if there was anything wrong you don't worry because you think, well if anything was wrong anyway they would be writing to you or ringing you up and telling you to go back again, yeah.

But between the time you have the mammogram and you get the results, do you think about the results or you just get on with things? 

No, not really. I just get on with my life and you know.

It doesn't worry you at all?

No, no I just think oh well they'll ring me up straight away or something if there's anything wrong [laughs].

And when you get the letter is it a relief?

Yeah you think oh this is it, you know there's nothing wrong you know.
 

She feels anxious during the first week after having a mammogram.

She feels anxious during the first week after having a mammogram.

Age at interview: 60
Sex: Female
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It is usually two to three weeks when they come through and I'd feel, I feel quite confident that if I had a problem I would hear long before that anyway. Yes. 

So you receive a letter don't you?

A letter through the post yes.

And what does the letter say? 

It's, its just something to the effect that they're pleased on this occasion that the mammogram has come up clear and no problem sort of thing, not in those words but in that meaning, yes. 

So it's always clear the meaning?

Absolutely yes. Yes.

So while you're waiting for the results to come through do you think about them or do you get on, do you feel anxious at all or not? 

For the first week I feel a bit anxious because I feel if you're going to hear something you're going to hear in those first few days and after that first week somehow I start relaxing and I feel quite confident that everything's going to be OK, so.

When you get the results do you feel a sense of relief then?

Absolutely yes, thank God for that, yes.

She worried as she waited five weeks to get her results by post.

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She worried as she waited five weeks to get her results by post.

Age at interview: 53
Sex: Female
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My first concern was "How long will it be before I know what the results are?" and she said a couple of weeks.  In the end I waited five weeks and I got the results yesterday or the day before. I started to feel quite anxious about that and that was unnecessary because I think stress is such a damaging thing. I think the worst thing was actually leaving hospital and knowing I had to wait a couple of weeks.

While you were waiting, what was going through your mind?

Nothing for the first few weeks really. But after that I was concerned. If it's not clear why isn't it clear? Am I waiting because they're making another appointment for me? So yes I was a bit concerned, I wasn't biting my nails but it was playing on my mind.

One woman was particularly concerned waiting for the results of her first mammogram but much more relaxed on other occasions, especially when she'd had a mammogram between the usual three-year interval. Another woman said that she felt slightly concerned because of the radiographer's manner at her last mammogram. However, she also said that levels of anxiety can depend on the experience at the screening unit and how you are feeling on the day.

She felt anxious waiting for the results of the first mammogram but is now more relaxed whilst waiting for results.

She felt anxious waiting for the results of the first mammogram but is now more relaxed whilst waiting for results.

Age at interview: 56
Sex: Female
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While you were waiting the very first time, how did you feel when you were waiting for the results, did you think about it a lot or?

Oh, I was obsessed with it, absolutely obsessed. Because they did say to me that it takes a few weeks, well a few weeks for me, by the end of the first week I was already watching the post. So, as I said, I was totally obsessed with it. I mean, I'm not any more. If it happens to me, it happens to me and I shall have treatment and hope for the best but at that point, no I drove the entire family mad.  I was phoning home from my office every morning, "is there any post for me?" 

So did they know you were worried about the results...?

Yes, yes [laughing] 

What were your expectations of the results?

Oh, I felt sure there would be something disastrously wrong. And when it came I kept thinking, oh the letter says there's nothing to worry about, "no need for further action" or some such phrase. I kept thinking, it's too good to be true. And then, of course, I had to unwind, didn't I? Because I'd got so uptight with all this self-imposed worry. 

So the first time you were really anxious when you were waiting for the results, how about the second time? 

I was quite blas' about it [laughing]. They'll come when they come and whatever they are, they are. 

And that was because you'd done so much more reading and? 

Yes, and also because I know that having had the mammogram half way through the 3 year span of time, if it does turn out that there's something there, it hasn't had too long to get a hold.

And how about this time, this waiting for results, how is it? 

Yes, I'm not too, I mean I know I shall be a little bit nervous when I open the envelope just in case there's something in it, something I don't want to see. But no, I'm not too worried. 
 

A new radiographer's manner worried her.

A new radiographer's manner worried her.

Age at interview: 60
Sex: Female
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Another thing which I think I find a bit alarming, or a bit anxiety making, a bit angst making, is the fact that the radiographers, or the people that actually do the scanning, they have different attitudes to you. And the last time, the very last time I went, which must be the fourth time I've been so I'm quite an old hand at it now, the women, the radiographers were coming out and saying to the women, "Are you all right? Fine, yeah, no it was fine, you're all right, you'll get a letter in a couple weeks' time." 

Well the girl that I had doing mine was a learner, she was a student and she was being very careful and very concerned and when she came out to tell me about mine she came out and said "Thank you very much, your scan was done and it's, and we've got the pictures and you'll be hearing from us." And immediately I was ahh, why, why isn't she talking to me like the other people are being talked to? Why isn't she saying "Everything's all right," da di da, you know, something must be wrong, there's something wrong. So then I spent the next period thinking what am I going to hear? What am I going to hear? And of course the letter came and everything was clear, so yeah. A lot depends on who you are dealing with, how you're feeling on the day, whether it's a nice experience or not. And after all at the end of the day all the scan's going to tell you is that you have got it or you haven't had it, but it isn't going to tell you that you're not going to get it.

One woman, who had had mammograms privately before her first one on the NHS, compared her experiences of receiving results on the NHS and privately.

She compares receiving results on the NHS and privately.

She compares receiving results on the NHS and privately.

Age at interview: 53
Sex: Female
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How long was it before you received the results with the Marks & Spencer and the NHS? Was there any difference? 

There was, with the NHS it was a little bit longer, it took a, in fact I only got it the other day and I had it, was it over a month ago? Yes. Whereas with the [private hospital] it was within 2 weeks.

And what did the letter say?

It was a basic letter which they probably send out to everybody saying that they didn't find or detect anything but that we should carry on examining our breasts. But the NHS letter said that there wasn't anything that they found but there is always a small chance that something wasn't detected and that to carry on examining yourself and to carry on having mammograms and I would be getting notification, I think it said 3 years. So it was basically the same.

Easy to understand?

Oh yes, no I mean I just scanned the letter very quickly and it was very clear. 

All women found the results letter easy to understand and were relieved to hear that their results were normal.

Last reviewed March 2016.
Last updated March 2016.

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