Family experiences of Long Covid

Thoughts about catching Covid again - and avoiding it

We asked young people with Long Covid and parents caring for young people with Long Covid about their thoughts on possibly catching Covid again. This section covers:

  • Concerns about reinfection
  • Considering vaccination

Many described it as a constant worry and some talked about avoiding social events or even keeping their children off school over fear of reinfection.

Concerns about reinfection

A particular concern was that getting Covid again might make their Long Covid symptoms worse or cause a relapse. People worried about exposing their children to environments where Covid infection was more likely, such as schools.

Lindsey believes that her son’s immune system is low because of Long Covid. She says the thought of him catching it again is ‘scary.’

Lindsey believes that her son’s immune system is low because of Long Covid. She says the thought of him catching it again is ‘scary.’

Age at interview: 41
Sex: Female
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So yeah there’s just that a lot of people dipping in and out of his needs and what’s going on with him and within that we have to keep the school informed And, I mean the last week before Easter we took him out of school because they had Covid in school and the teacher went down with Covid and we just said “No, you know, you’ve got to keep us informed of what’s going on.” We understand that we can’t keep him protected from everything but because his immune system is so low the fear of him catching it again is scary.

Sasha is worried about sending her daughter back to school after many months off with Long Covid symptoms and thinks there should be more attention paid to prevention, including better ventilation.

Sasha is worried about sending her daughter back to school after many months off with Long Covid symptoms and thinks there should be more attention paid to prevention, including better ventilation.

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The other interesting thing that is coming out is, you know, the HEPA air filters for classrooms. Because I definitely feel that in the lack, you know, considering the lack of treatment once they have got Covid or Long Covid, there’s not much there, we have to focus on prevention in these two years before we get protocols and, you know, evidence-based medicine out there. So [cardiologist name]’s school has two HEPA filters per classroom, and they’ve had no major outbreaks of Covid since January, other people on Twitter have had 50% of the class off since January, you know, because they’re getting reinfected. So, I just think in my mind in an ideal world I would send [daughter] back to school with two air filters in her classroom. Especially going into the winter.

Richard is concerned that he and his son will get reinfected and have to go through the ‘whole process’ of Long Covid again.

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Richard is concerned that he and his son will get reinfected and have to go through the ‘whole process’ of Long Covid again.

Age at interview: 49
Sex: Male
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But now we need the treatment because, I mean, and I’m much, much better than I was but I’m just fed up, and so is my son as well. I mean, he’s been really good and that’s why I didn’t to get him involved because, you know, he’s just really started turning the corner and getting him back into school was a major struggle. I mean, he’s at boarding school weekly, so all his, you know, if somebody gets Covid, they’re all going to go, and in September some of the houses had to be sent home because the numbers were so high, so he’s managed to dodge it and we’ve had to keep him back a bit just to keep him safe, because I know if he gets infected again, which is, well, both of us are going to get infected again I’m sure, but we’re going to be out again, you know, for another three months, six months, you know, and then go through the whole process, and that’s what’s the big fear for us at the moment, it’s not that it’s such the acute phase and worrying you’re going to end up on, being on a ventilator or something, but it’s the, am I going to go down that road again and be ill for another year, two years, and also the financial stress of it, his educational component. And it’s not just us, it’s the stress on my wife as well.

Yeah, even for Christmas we’d be, like, you know, we’ve been invited to parties and everything else and had to say, you know, “Can’t come,” you know, I mean, almost we’re running out of excuses if you like, you know, you want to still go well I’ve got, well, we have got the, elderly relative, in-laws coming down so we’re saying they have to, like, you know, shield for them, using that as an excuse not to go, and then it’s difficult for when my children are being invited round for play dates at peoples’ houses as well.

Francesca worries that her daughter would be more vulnerable than others if she got reinfected due to her Long Covid. Her daughter has already been infected three times at school.

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Francesca worries that her daughter would be more vulnerable than others if she got reinfected due to her Long Covid. Her daughter has already been infected three times at school.

Age at interview: 47
Sex: Female
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So she caught it from school in May, she caught it from school in September [2021], and then you’ll remember there was the big Omicron emergency, as this government deemed it, around Christmas, and so either side of the Christmas holiday I kept her out of school, not because her symptoms were so bad, although we were concerned about the pain she was having and...anyway, you know it...I wouldn't have kept her out of school had there not been a huge outbreak around that time, so I kept her out of school because a question I had for the doctors, that they couldn't answer, was, “She’s had it twice, she’s got ongoing symptoms, what are the risks of a third infection? Are they the same as they would be for any healthy, you know, previously healthy child, or is she now in a certain respect, vulnerable because you've told me she has a heart mur—like, does that now make her vulnerable if she was to catch it a third time?” And they couldn't tell me because it’s not really known, and so I took the decision, because circumstances allowed, to keep her out of school. I don’t know if this is relevant then to your question because it wasn’t...she wasn’t out because of her health per se?

I thought it was, but sort of wasn’t. And she was out for a total of—including the holiday—she was away from school for a total of about five or six weeks. And by the end of that period it has...it started to take a toll on her mental wellbeing, she was getting very bored and lonely basically and missing her friends and missing the social aspects of being physically in school, and I sent her back in January, the 31st of January, and she tested positive three days later because there was a huge outbreak at her school and they had no protections for the children, or the staff, so that was quite upsetting. So that’s how it’s sort of impacted her schooling.

It’s been upsetting because of the level of exposure and risk in her school and feeling that we want her to be in school and we want her be safe in school, but schools for whatever reasons, haven't been made safe and that’s caused a lot of anxiety and upset for me, particularly.

Although most people who talked about reinfection said they were worried about it, a few said that as time went on and they started to feel better they didn’t let it stop them doing things like going to the shops or socialising. One teenager we spoke to said she wasn’t worried about getting Covid again.

Ben is getting less worried as time goes on. He sometimes wears a mask when he’s out, but it depends on the situation.

Ben is getting less worried as time goes on. He sometimes wears a mask when he’s out, but it depends on the situation.

Age at interview: 14
Sex: Male
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And because you have Long Covid, are you worried about catching Covid again?

To some extent, yes I guess, but I don’t know if I do get it again because I’m already quite bad, I don’t know if it would make it even worse, but I don’t really know [sighs]. I am kind of worried but not as much as I was before. I think I’m...as I’m getting better, I’m less and less worried. I kind of do, sometimes I wear a mask but I’m not either/or, I’m not really worried to catching it I guess. I think only in school really because of the...everyone’s together, but in like a small supermarket where there’s not really anyone in there, I don’t really bother with the mask because there’s no one in there, so...but if it’s in the school where there’s loads of people everywhere and they’re all crowding onto each other, I think I’d...yeah, I do.

Emma A is worried about her husband getting Covid and her daughter catching it again. But it won’t stop her daughter going to school or stop them from certain doing things as a family.

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Emma A is worried about her husband getting Covid and her daughter catching it again. But it won’t stop her daughter going to school or stop them from certain doing things as a family.

Age at interview: 42
Sex: Female
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And now are you worried about Covid coming into the house again with Bella being where she is?

I think so, at first I wasn’t, at first I thought we’ve all had it apart from my husband because he kept separate from us when we had Covid, slept in a different room and kept out of our way. Because he suffers from, I don’t know, fibromyalgia and stuff so the last, I mean so I’m really worried about him catching Covid and having a reaction similar to [my daughter]s. I’m worried about flying to Spain, I’m worried that he’s going to catch the virus on the plane and become ill in Spain, I’m worried now that, oh you poor thing, I’m worried about…yeah because for me and [younger daughter] it’s been four weeks, for [my daughter] it’s been more than six weeks so I think she can probably catch Covid again now. But I, it won’t stop us sending her to school and it won’t stop us from doing certain things.

Hina is ‘not too scared’ about getting Covid again, because she thinks she would be prepared.

Hina is ‘not too scared’ about getting Covid again, because she thinks she would be prepared.

Age at interview: 11
Sex: Female
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I mean obviously I feel scared – I’m not too scared but okay if I get it, I know what I can do now. I know what I can do. I know, I’ve have it twice already. If I get it a third time, hopefully I won’t. I will know what to do if I get it a third time. I know like how everything is because the second time I was not prepared for like anything so a third time I would be prepared, yeah.

Other people were concerned about getting Covid again because of certain risk factors for more severe disease. Diane wanted to ensure they could ‘function as a family.’ Ravi was also concerned that his Asian ethnic background would mean he would be more likely to get Covid again – he had already had it three times and was experiencing ongoing problems.

Age and ethnicity were factors that Diane was aware of when considering reinfection and the effect on her family.

Age and ethnicity were factors that Diane was aware of when considering reinfection and the effect on her family.

Age at interview: 47
Sex: Female
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So we kind of want to continue as normal but, you know, we’re still kind of protecting him and each other really, you know, we, my husband’s above 50, I’m of BAME background as you can guess, I’m at more risk, so there are those risk factors and age I guess, we are, you know, I’m nearing 50 but, you know, age works against us and, you know, we just, we don’t have much family around so we have to remain healthy in regards to, from a financial point of earning as well as just a general day-to-day living and being able to function as a family, we need to remain fit and able so that’s the kind of fear that I have because, you know, if I’m floored the whole family gets affected, perhaps more so than my husband because I’m the kind of main carer and organiser kind of thing, and the cook and all that kind of thing, so that’s the main thing.

Vaccination

Vaccination is widely seen as the best way to avoid infection with Covid. Several of the young people we spoke to had been vaccinated or were waiting to receive a vaccine for Covid. Views around vaccination were largely positive. People who had been vaccinated trusted that it would help to protect them from reinfection or lessen the chances of them getting very unwell if they caught it again.

Deidre was looking forward to her daughter getting vaccinated, saying, “The doctor we spoke to, the consultant that said that she had Long Covid said it was imperative that she had her Covid vaccine. I booked it in for the Easter holidays. She’s going to be so pleased!”

Abigail doesn’t want to catch Covid again for fear she would “plummet,” but says she’s happier now she’s been vaccinated.

Abigail doesn’t want to catch Covid again for fear she would “plummet,” but says she’s happier now she’s been vaccinated.

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Abigail: I don't want to catch Covid again because I know I'll like plummet again and I really don't want that to happen. So, like if someone has Covid, I'm like really nervous because I don't want to have it again, but I generally just try and like not worry about it. Like I do worry about it obviously because I don't want to get ill again but like...

Mum: You were a lot happier after you'd been vaccinated, weren't you?

Abigail: Yeah, I was happy after being vaccinated because I know that I was like less likely to get Covid if I've had the vaccine, and like even if I do, it’s going to be like a lot less significant.

Beth is hoping that vaccinating her 8-year-old daughter will result in less severe symptoms should she catch Covid again (interviewed April 2022).

Beth is hoping that vaccinating her 8-year-old daughter will result in less severe symptoms should she catch Covid again (interviewed April 2022).

Age at interview: 36
Sex: Female
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I think the experience of having Covid, all four of us pre-vaccine, when you know we...none of us were eligible at that stage, that whole experience was pretty horrific, and I guess for me I’m like, ‘If that can protect me from ever experiencing Covid in the same way or protect me from developing different things as a result of Covid, then I’m all for it.’ If it can do the same for her, and protect her from suffering in the same way, or a similar way, then yeah, I’d 100%...I know, you know, she could still get Covid, but if it just didn’t have the impact that it did initially, yeah, I’d definitely want her to get it.

People worried about new variants of Covid that might cause more severe illness than the variant they had been infected with. In the early days of the Omicron variant, it was not known whether it was more dangerous (as well as more infectious) and James, who we talked to in December 2021, was keen to have a second jab.

James worries about catching a new, possibly more severe variant of Covid and is very keen to get his second jab (interviewed in December 2021).

James worries about catching a new, possibly more severe variant of Covid and is very keen to get his second jab (interviewed in December 2021).

Age at interview: 12
Sex: Male
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I’ve got my first jab, but then I haven’t got a booster or second or whatever. And now there’s like, I got it like just when Delta was like in its mid-stages, like before we found, I can’t remember what it’s called, but the new one—

Omicron.

Yeah. So I got it then, but now we’ve got Omicron?

Yeah.

Yeah, I realise, that apparently it’s meant to be like a lot worse than Delta and the one we had before, so then now I’m just like worried, like, why is no one getting a vaccine, like, so I got my first, now apparently it has like a few months where it works fine and then like it wears off, so if you’re going to vaccinate everyone then why don’t you vaccinate them fully, and like continue it? Which I understand the rollout like millions and millions of people, but still, they need to do their absolute best to like vaccinate, vaccinate, vaccinate, vaccinate.

Because Long Covid is a relatively new condition, little is currently known about the effects of the vaccine on Long Covid itself. Some of the people we talked to had concerns about possible negative reactions from Covid-19 vaccination, particularly as they worried about the effect Long Covid had already had on their immune system. Some worried that it might make their Long Covid symptoms worse and were still agonising over the decision when we talked. Ben thought he would wait; his mum (who also has Long Covid) felt worse after her vaccine.

Michelle had a temporary reaction to her own vaccine and is concerned that if her son is vaccinated it might make his Long Covid worse.

Michelle had a temporary reaction to her own vaccine and is concerned that if her son is vaccinated it might make his Long Covid worse.

Age at interview: 50
Sex: Female
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Michelle: No, and we’re scared of the vaccine because of what happened to me. Because I know that...you know, having had Covid, Covid doesn't agree with me, and then having had the vaccine and not being able to walk afterwards, and the right arm neurological issues, if the vaccine didn’t agree with me, is the vaccine not going to agree with him because of his Long Covid, so, what do we do? You know, the vaccination situation is, like, a massive contentious issue, we’re too scared to vaccinate him, and vaccinate him full stop at the moment. We’re too scared to put anything in his body—

Lyndsey: He’s behind on—

Michelle: He’s behind on everything because we’re just literally petrified; we’re just scared of every…we just don’t know. We just don’t know what to do anymore I think, that’s pretty much where we stand with him.

Sasha is unsure about allowing her daughter to be vaccinated. She’s concerned about the effect Covid has had on her immune system.

Sasha is unsure about allowing her daughter to be vaccinated. She’s concerned about the effect Covid has had on her immune system.

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It is a worry. Because I think there are so many theories about what’s causing Long Covid but they don’t really know. But one of the most worrying one is kind of like T Cell Apoptosis, so the in fact that your immune system is almost depleted from having Covid which then means whatever else you get can take hold which I think is what happened with [my daughter], I think, so the EBV [Epstein Barr Virus] then really took hold, the glandular fever. So, anything I can do to prevent that again, you know, before she goes into this soup of microbes at school.

Ben has Long Covid and says he is going to wait to have a Covid vaccine until he is nearly better. He says, “it could make it better, but it could make it worse.”

Ben has Long Covid and says he is going to wait to have a Covid vaccine until he is nearly better. He says, “it could make it better, but it could make it worse.”

Age at interview: 14
Sex: Male
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At the moment, I haven't taken any, just because we don’t know how it will affect the cells really, we don’t know how...it could make it better, but it could make it worse. We don’t really know what to do on that aspect, and we don’t really know how to approach it, because what happened with my mum when she got it, it made her worse, but it could make me better, we don’t really know, so I’m not going to take them until I’m, kind of, nearly better because you don’t really want to take that risk yet.

Yeah, and have you heard of other people aside from your mum taking it and it being worse or better?

Yeah, some people...yeah, just from like the groups really. So I had this...like a Long Covid...like a Zoom basically with kids in it with people with Long Covid, so some people had taken it, but they’d been worse, some people had taken it and it made them better, some people had not taken it at all because of the same reasons as me, so it’s a mix really, that’s why we don’t want to take the risk because it could be a bad...it could be negative or positive if we don’t really know what’s the risk there.

Jasmine says she’s aware of people who have said getting the vaccine made their Long Covid symptoms worse. However, she just felt a “bit fluey” afterwards.

Jasmine is double vaccinated and said she didn’t have much of a reaction.

Jasmine is double vaccinated and said she didn’t have much of a reaction.

Age at interview: 16
Sex: Female
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I am double vaccinated. But yeah, I didn't, I noticed someone I speak to had struggled with the vaccine and I think having Long Covid and getting the vaccine, it can, it’s found that it’s those symptoms are more pronounced or after. I didn't really notice that having had it. I had it twice. But I just had a sore arm and kind of felt a bit like fluey or like, like I’d got a cold. But yeah, I know some people it can make their symptoms worse, or I know some people have got one and not getting a second one because having Long Covid it made them feel worse. So yeah, I’m not sure.

However, sometimes people within the same family held opposing views. Kate, who has Long Covid, found it particularly difficult that her eldest son was against vaccination. While Kathryn’s family were vaccinated, her partner was not.

Kate’s eldest son does not want to get vaccinated, which has caused some tension in the home.

Kate’s eldest son does not want to get vaccinated, which has caused some tension in the home.

Age at interview: 48
Sex: Female
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My eldest son is a different challenge because he didn't believe initially that I had Long Covid. He just didn't really understand why I would have it. And he also refuses to have the vaccine; so that’s quite a challenge. So, I’m living in the house proof of why it’s a very good idea to have a vaccine and he just won’t. So, that’s caused quite a lot of arguments. I like to try and be reasonable and to explore his thinking around it. But at the end of the day, it’s really tough when I’ve got Long Covid and he’s around everywhere. He could potentially bring it back in the house again. So, that’s been a challenge as well. That’s an ongoing challenge because he’s very clear he doesn't want to get the vaccine under no circumstances.

So, around the time when I had it, I think after me, he got it. And he does, he didn't have it very badly. He was a bit rotten for about three days. So on the one hand he’s saying, ‘I know what it’s like. I’ll be absolutely fine. And if I catch it again then it’s not going to be…that’s what it’s going to be like. I’ve got immunity,’ he’ll argue that. Although it’s over a year ago now I think a lot of it’s to do with Twitter and other social media that he’s been picking up on. Some of the things he says to me sound quite conspiracy theory. Yeah, ideas that we try and argue about around it having toxins in and people getting heart problems so, I think it’s a health anxiety at the bottom of it. He’s very sure about it. There’s no shifting him on it at all. Yeah, that’s been really hard, actually.

Has it been quite divisive in the family?

Yes, it has because our family’s a bit more complicated because [oldest son] father doesn't live with us. So, he’s got a stepfather lives with us. And me and his stepfather scientists, essentially. That’s our background. And very, very for the vaccine and his dad—although he’s a nurse—is very clear that actually ‘No, you’re okay, you can get away with it. You've already had it. I don’t know why you’re worrying about it.’ So, that has caused an extra tension to do with the family dynamic anyway that was already there, different family ideas and values, but yeah it has sort of highlighted that. And it’s led to us saying things like, ‘Well look, if you really insist you’re not going to have it, you might have to go and live with your father.’ Which is the last thing actually as a parent, like a psychologist, I won’t actually say to him. But yeah, you get to a point and think, ‘This isn’t fair.’ You know, we don’t want it back in the house if we can help it. I certainly don’t want to get it again. You know, I was fit and healthy and running and things like that before it happened, so.

Kathryn’s partner did not want the vaccine, and it took them a while to come around to the idea that Kathryn’s illness was caused by Covid.

Kathryn’s partner did not want the vaccine, and it took them a while to come around to the idea that Kathryn’s illness was caused by Covid.

Age at interview: 22
Sex: Female
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My partner didn't react well because they were initially, they’re not anti-vax, but they just don’t, they’ve never got any vaccinations. They’re just not about that kind of medical stuff. I’m the complete opposite and might give me everything.

So, what you’re saying, your partner is anti-vax?

Yeah. But they’re not, they wouldn't push it on other people. It’s just they wouldn't themselves and I’m like, ‘Okay, that’s fine by me’ [laughs]. So, for a while, they’re like ‘No, it’s not Covid. This hasn’t caused it. There’s something underlying here. This can’t be what’s happening.’ And then, I think they’ve only, it took about four months for them to like be like, ‘Okay, yes, this could be Covid that’s caused this.’ I was like, ‘Oh shit’ [laughs]. But and then my mates there, they’re not as bad, they’re just more trying to, they’re just ‘I’ll get better soon’ and they don’t really go into detail with it. They just know that I’m off and not well and so it’s, yeah, it’s weird [laughs].

And what about your mum or your sister? Are they vaccinated as well?

Yeah, they’re all, all of the ones in this house are vaccinated. So, but yeah, they, I think for a good while they thought it was anxiety based, rather than, you know, medical based. I think they’ve now starting to understand it a bit more. But initially, they were very much like, ‘It’s in your head. You need to just try and move more, and you know what I mean, do stuff and you’ll feel better.’ And yeah, I think it took me crashing for them to realise that it doesn't work that way [laughs]. But the support, like they fully try, but they just don’t know enough of it to be supportive if that makes sense [laughs].

So, you think that’s what your mum thought perhaps that it was—

Yeah, initially. Because obviously that’s what the doctors were telling us. So, she just believed the doctors if that makes sense. Because that’s just, we’ve always just trusted what they’ve told us and been like, yes, ouch, especially with all like with my sister going through all the medical stuff. We just believed them. So, yeah, it took a while, but we’re getting it a bit more now and I’m trying to do more research and stuff like that.

That was like my partner because it was always just, it was something else. It wasn’t Covid. I think it took me being like, ‘Look, this is what it is. This is what we know about it.’ I sent her a bunch of research. She wasn’t, she didn't want to hear about it for a while like it was just speak about it. It’ll go away probably if it makes sense. But yeah, one day I kind of slipped and was like, ‘Look, this is everything. This is what’s happening.’ It needed that for talk to come. Now she’s the most supportive person going like getting your food as I can’t always get out to get to the shops and stuff. She’d go out of her way to do everything now. But it’s like, it took that to trigger it, if that makes sense [laughs].

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